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. 2008 Nov;10(11):1909–1921. doi: 10.1089/ars.2008.2129

FIG. 8.

FIG. 8.

The pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α and its potential role in FA pathophysiology. Overproduced TNF-α plays role in not only pro-apoptotic signal suppressing FA hematopoietic progenitor activity, but also promoting leukemic transformation of FA hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, which lead to typical phenotype of FA patients