TABLE 2.

Average whisking kinematics (Mean + SD): Freely moving versus head-fixed rats

Kinematic	Freely Moving	Head-Fixed
Protraction amplitude (°)	31.6 ± 14.7*	25.6 ± 8.7
	30 to 40†
	56 ± 14‡
Protraction speed (°/sec)	696 ± 330*	354.4 ± 76.4
	717 ± 186‡
Retraction amplitude (°)	32.1 ± 15.3*	26.1 ± 9.3
	30 to 40†
	56 ± 14‡
Retraction speed (°/sec)	1106 ± 565*	618.4 ± 209.7
	1484 ± 752‡

^*Carvell and Simons (1990);

^†Towal and Hartmann (2008);

^‡Jin et al. (2004).