Table 2. Logistic regression models of the effect of energy-adjusted intake of total isoflavones on colorectal adenoma.

	Quartiles of energy-adjusted intake of total isoflavones (mg per day)
	Lowest	Second	Third	Highest
	(<24.77)	(24.77 to <39.73)	(39.73 to <62.41)	(⩾62.41)	P-value for trend
Men and women
Controls	174	175	174	174
Cases	226	172	168	155
OR (95% CI)a	1.00 (Reference)	0.75 (0.56–1.00)	0.73 (0.54–0.98)	0.67 (0.50–0.90)	<0.01
OR (95% CI)b	1.00 (Reference)	0.77 (0.57–1.04)	0.76 (0.56–1.02)	0.70 (0.51–0.96)	0.03
Men
Controls	141	120	105	94
Cases	173	119	114	86
OR (95% CI)c	1.00 (Reference)	0.78 (0.55–1.10)	0.84 (0.59–1.20)	0.70 (0.49–1.02)	0.09
OR (95% CI)d	1.00 (Reference)	0.80 (0.56–1.14)	0.89 (0.62–1.28)	0.74 (0.50–1.09)	0.18
Women
Controls	33	55	69	80
Cases	53	53	54	69
OR (95% CI)e	1.00 (Reference)	0.59 (0.33–1.05)	0.44 (0.25–0.75)	0.56 (0.33–0.96)	0.03
OR (95% CI)f	1.00 (Reference)	0.53 (0.28–0.98)	0.44 (0.24–0.80)	0.49 (0.27–0.90)	0.03

^aAdjusted for age (40–49, 50–54, 55–59, 60–64, ⩾65 years), sex and screening period (first or second).

^bAdjusted for age (40–49, 50–54, 55–59, 60–64, ⩾65 years), sex, screening period (first or second), family history of colorectal cancer (yes or no), cigarette smoking (never, ever ⩽20, ever 21–40, ever >40 pack-years), alcohol consumption (never, ever <150, ever 150–299, ever ⩾300 g per week ethanol), body mass index (<21, 21–22, 23–24, ⩾25 kg m⁻²), physical activity (<31.50, 31.50 to <34.55, ⩾34.55 MET h per day based on controls), supplement use (yes or no) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use (yes or no).

^cAdjusted for age (50–54, 55–59, 60–64, ⩾65 years) and screening period (first or second).

^dAdjusted for age (50–54, 55–59, 60–64, ⩾65 years), screening period (first or second), family history of colorectal cancer (yes or no), cigarette smoking (never, ever ⩽20, ever 21–40, ever >40 pack-years), alcohol consumption (never, ever <150, ever 150–299, ever ⩾300 g per week ethanol), body mass index (<21, 21–22, 23–24, ⩾25 kg m⁻²), physical activity (<31.50, 31.50 to <34.55, ⩾34.55 MET h per day based on controls), supplement use (yes or no) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use (yes or no).

^eAdjusted for age (40–49, 50–54, 55–59, 60–64, ⩾65 years) and screening period (first or second).

^fAdjusted for age (40–49, 50–54, 55–59, 60–64, ⩾65 years), screening period (first or second), family history of colorectal cancer (yes or no), cigarette smoking (never, ever ⩽20, ever 21–40, ever >40 pack-years), alcohol consumption (never, ever <150, ever 150–299, ever ⩾300 g per week ethanol), body mass index (<21, 21–22, 23–24, ⩾25 kg m⁻²), physical activity (<31.50, 31.50 to <34.55, ⩾34.55 MET h per day based on controls), supplement use (yes or no), non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use (yes or no), age at menarche (<12, 12–13, ⩾14 years), menopausal status (pre or post) and current use of female hormones (user or non-user).