Table 1.
Characteristics of 195 patients with cirrhosis undergoing surgical procedures under general anesthesia
| Total (n =195) |
Death or decompensation |
P value | Odds ratio | ||
| No (n = 163) | Yes (n = 32) | ||||
| Mean age (yr) | 57.1 ± 11.2 | 57.2 ± 10.9 | 56.5 ± 12.5 | 0.73 | |
| Gender, n (%) | |||||
| Female | 79 (40.5) | 65 (39.9) | 14 (43.8) | ||
| Male | 116 (59.5) | 98 (60.1) | 18 (56.3) | 0.68 | |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | |||||
| White | 159 (81.5) | 135 (82.8) | 24 (75.0) | ||
| African American | 27 (13.8) | 20 (12.3) | 7 (21.9) | 0.32 | |
| Other | 9 (4.6) | 8 (4.9) | 1 (3.1) | ||
| Etiology, n (%) | |||||
| Hepatitis C | 73 (37.4) | 61 (37.2) | 12 (37.5) | 0.99 | |
| Cryptogenic | 51 (26.2) | 43 (26.4) | 8 (25.0) | 0.87 | |
| Alcohol | 35 (17.9) | 26 (16.0) | 9 (28.1) | 0.1 | |
| Hepatitis B | 7 (3.6) | 7 (4.3) | 0 (0.0) | - | |
| Autoimmune hepatitis | 5 (2.6) | 5 (3.1) | 0 (0.0) | - | |
| Primary sclerosing cholangitis | 5 (2.6) | 4 (2.5) | 1 (3.1) | - | |
| Primary biliary cirrhosis | 4 (2.1) | 4 (2.5) | 0 (0.0) | - | |
| A1 antitrypsin deficiency | 3 (1.5) | 3 (1.8) | 0 (0.0) | - | |
| Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis | 2 (1.0) | 2 (1.2) | 0 (0.0) | - | |
| Amyloidosis | 2 (1.0) | 2 (1.2) | 0 (0.0) | - | |
| Hemochromatosis | 1 (0.5) | 1 (0.6) | 0 (0.0) | - | |
| Cardiac cirrhosis | 1 (0.5) | 1 (0.6) | 0 (0.0) | - | |
| Cystic fibrosis | 1 (0.5) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.1) | - | |
| Unknown | 5 (2.6) | 4 (2.4) | 1 (3.1) | - | |
| Mean CTP score ± SD | 8.0 ± 1.9 | 7.8 ± 1.8 | 9.1 ± 1.9 | 0.00058 | |
| CTP class n (%) | |||||
| A | 41 (21.0) | 40 (24.5) | 1 (3.1) | 1 | |
| B | 115 (59.0) | 95 (58.3) | 20 (62.5) | 0.0018 | 8.42 |
| C | 39 (20.0) | 28 (17.2) | 11 (34.4) | 15.71 | |
| Mean MELD score ± SD | 14.2 ± 6.3 | 13.2 ± 5.2 | 19.1 ± 5.2 | < 0.0001 | |
| MELD score (Tertile) | |||||
| 6-11 (T1) | 77 (47.2) | 6 (18.8) | 1 | ||
| 12-15 (T2) | 46 (28.2) | 10 (31.3) | 0.0008 | 2.79 | |
| 16-40 (T3) | 40 (24.5) | 16 (50.0) | 5.13 | ||
| Surgery sites | |||||
| Gastrointestinal | 101 (51.8) | 84 (51.5) | 17 (53.1) | 0.87 | |
| Cardiovascular and thoracic | 28 (14.4) | 22 (13.5) | 6 (18.8) | 0.42 | |
| Genitourinary | 24 (12.3) | 22 (13.5) | 2 (6.3) | 0.38 | |
| Orthopedic | 24 (12.3) | 20 (12.3) | 4 (12.5) | - | |
| Head and neck | 18 (9.2) | 15 (9.2) | 3 (9.4) | - | |
| Surgery type | |||||
| Urgent | 57 (29.2) | 36 (22.1) | 21 (65.6) | ||
| Elective | 138 (70.8) | 127 (77.9) | 11 (34.4) | < 0.0001 | |
CTP: Child-Turcotte-Pugh; MELD: Model for end-stage liver disease.