Table 2.
Descriptive statistics of the baseline/longitudinal predictors and the psychopathology outcomes in late adolescence (N = 220)
| Variable | Median (SD) | Min. | Max. |
| Baseline familial factors (ages 3–5) | |||
| Parental lifetime AUD symptom count | 1.50 (1.87) | 0.00 | 7.50 |
| Parental lifetime MJUD symptom count | 0.50 (1.07) | 0.00 | 4.50 |
| Parental lifetime MDD symptom count | 1.00 (1.65) | 0.00 | 7.50 |
| Parental lifetime ASPD symptom count | 1.00 (1.09) | 0.00 | 4.00 |
| Parental lifetime ND symptom count | 2.50 (2.24) | 0.00 | 7.00 |
| Family SES | 2.90 (1.30) | 0.80 | 7.26 |
| Baseline neighborhood factors (ages 3–5) | |||
| Neighborhood residential instabilitya | −0.07 (0.85) | −1.58 | 3.46 |
| Neighborhood economic disadvantageb | −0.28 (0.88) | −1.20 | 2.90 |
| Longitudinal changes in neighborhood environments (ages 3–17) | |||
| Frequency of family mobility | 1.00 (0.90) | 0.00 | 4.00 |
| Change in neighborhood residential instabilityc | 0.13 (0.89) | −3.18 | 2.81 |
| Change in neighborhood economic disadvantagec | 0.02 (0.97) | −3.51 | 3.50 |
| Psychopathology outcomes in late adolescence (ages 18–20) | |||
| AUD symptom count | 1.00 (2.08) | 0.00 | 10.00 |
| MJUD symptom count | 0.00 (1.63) | 0.00 | 7.00 |
| MDD symptom count | 0.00 (2.60) | 0.00 | 9.00 |
| ASPD symptom count | 1.00 (1.77) | 0.00 | 7.00 |
| ND symptom count | 0.00 (1.21) | 0.00 | 5.00 |
Notes: Min. = minimum; max. = maximum; AUD = alcohol-use disorder; MJUD = marijuana-use disorder; MDD = major depressive disorder; ASPD = antisocial personality disorder; ND = nicotine dependence; SES = socio-economic status.
Composite score of three census variables: (1) percentage of people living in different residence 5 years ago, (2) percentage of vacant household, and (3) percentage of rented housing units;
composite score of three census variables: (1) adult unemployment rate, (2) poverty rate, and (3) percentage of people with education lower than high school diploma;
these variables are recoded into binary variables (using the 25th and 75th percentiles as cutoff points) to test the differences between the male children whose neighborhoods stayed the same and those children whose neighborhoods became worse/better.