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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Jun 15.
Published in final edited form as: Adv Enzyme Regul. 2007 Mar 26;47:64–103. doi: 10.1016/j.advenzreg.2006.12.013

Fig. 11.

Fig. 11

Cytokine mediated signal transduction pathways and drug resistance. Cytokines such as IL-3 can induce multiple signal transduction pathways which can effect the expression of apoptotic molecules by transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms. Elevated ERK in FL/Doxo cells may phosphorylate Mcl-1 which results in its stabilization. This may result in prolonged binding to Bax, prevent activation of Bax, contribute to the prevention of apoptosis and lead to drug resistance.