Figure 5.

A metabolic shift in the absence of IEX-1. MEFs prepared from IEX-1 KO and WT control embryos were cultured at decreasing concentrations of glucose and viable and dead cells were counted 48 h later by trypan blue exclusion (a). Or, the cells were cultured in complete medium and viable cells were counted at indicated days (b). Intracellular ATP contents were measured in the macrophages cultured in the presence (oligo) or absence (None) of 0.5 µM oligomycin for 1 h (c). The data are expressed as mean percentages ± S.D. relative to control WT cells that are arbitrarily set as 100%. Lactate accumulation in the media was measured at indicated times in the presence or absence of 150 µM CoCl₂ (d) and glucose uptake in the cells were analyzed after 48 h culture in the presence of varying concentrations of CoCl₂ (e). Total number of viable cells or protein concentration from viable cells is used for normalization of lactate accumulation and glucose uptake, respectively. The data represent the means ± S.D. of triplicate wells of three (a, c, d) and two (b and e) independent experiments. Statistic significance: *P<0.05 or **P<0.01, respectively in the presence versus absence of IEX-1