Table 2.
Characteristics of the study population at Phase 5 (1997–1999).*
| Never smoker | Long-term ex-smoker | Recent ex-smoker | Current smoker | P trend | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (N, %) | 2,543 (47.2) | 1,519 (28.2) | 511 (9.5) | 815 (15.1) | |
| Age (M, SD) | 55.2 (6.0) | 56.1 (6.0) | 56.2 (6.0) | 55.0 (5.7) | 0.24 |
| Women (N, %) | 826 (32.5) | 387 (25.5) | 97 (18.2) | 177 (21.7) | <.0001 |
| High SEP (N, %) | 932 (36.7) | 525 (34.6) | 180 (35.2) | 231 (28.3) | <.0001 |
| University degree or higher (N, %) | 901 (35.4) | 434 (28.6) | 132 (25.8) | 171 (21.0) | <.0001 |
| Married/cohabiting (N, %) | 1,908 (75.0) | 1,217 (80.1) | 395 (77.3) | 600 (73.6) | 0.87 |
| Alcohol units/week (M, SD) | 10.5 (11.9) | 15.3 (14.5) | 17.1 (15.8) | 20.6 (22.1) | <.0001 |
| Hours of physical activity/week (M, SD) | 21.9 (15.1) | 22.7 (15.0) | 23.1 (16.0) | 21.5 (15.8) | 0.98 |
| Consumption of fruits & vegetable† (N, %) | 1,966 (77.3) | 1,152 (75.8) | 373 (73.0) | 509 (62.5) | <.0001 |
| CHD (N, %) | 143 (5.6) | 87 (5.7) | 48 (9.4) | 48 (5.9) | 0.18 |
| Stroke (N, %) | 18 (0.7) | 13 (0.9) | 3 (0.6) | 8 (1.0) | 0.55 |
| Diabetes (N, %) | 60 (2.4) | 41 (2.7) | 14 (2.7) | 12 (1.5) | 0.30 |
| SBP (mmHg) (M, SD) | 121.9 (16.4) | 123.6 (16.6) | 124.1 (16.9) | 122.0 (15.6) | 0.24 |
| DBP (mmHg) (M, SD) | 77.2 (10.6) | 77.8 (10.3) | 78.4 (11.2) | 76.8 (10.0) | 0.91 |
| Cholesterol (mmol/l) (M, SD) | 5.8 (1.0) | 6.0 (1.0) | 5.9 (1.0) | 6.0 (1.1) | <.0001 |
*
Analysis restricted to those with complete data (N=3,901 men, 1,487 women).
†
Denotes at least daily consumption of fruits and vegetables.
M: Mean, SD: Standard deviation, CHD Coronary heart disease, SBP Systolic Blood Pressure, DBP Diastolic Blood Pressure.