Table 4.
Odds ratio of being in the worst quintile of cognitive function at Phase 5 as a function of smoking status (1997–1999), N=5,388.†
| Never smoker N=2,543 | Long-term ex-smoker N=1,519 | Recent ex-smoker N=511 | Current smoker N=815 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Memory (<5) | ||||
| Adjusted for age & sex | 1 | 0.80 (0.66–0.97)* | 1.17 (0.90–1.51) | 1.54 (1.25–1.90)* |
| + sociodemograhics‡ | 1 | 0.77 (0.63–0.93)* | 1.10 (0.85–1.44) | 1.33 (1.07–1.65)* |
| + behaviours§ & health# | 1 | 0.79 (0.65–0.96)* | 1.12 (0.86–1.47) | 1.37 (1.10–1.73)* |
| AH4-I (<42 in men; <31 in women) | ||||
| Adjusted for age & sex | 1 | 0.96 (0.82–1.14) | 0.94 (0.74–1.20) | 1.53 (1.27–1.85)* |
| + sociodemograhics‡ | 1 | 0.87 (0.73–1.05) | 0.81 (0.61–1.06) | 1.11 (0.90–1.37) |
| + behaviours§ & health# | 1 | 0.91 (0.76–1.10) | 0.83 (0.63–1.10) | 1.20 (0.96–1.49) |
| Mill Hill (<24 in men; <20 in women) | ||||
| Adjusted for age & sex | 1 | 0.87 (0.74–1.02) | 0.84 (0.66–1.08) | 1.42 (1.18–1.70)* |
| + sociodemograhics‡ | 1 | 0.72 (0.60–0.86)* | 0.67 (0.51–0.88)* | 0.97 (0.79–1.19) |
| + behaviours§ & health# | 1 | 0.73 (0.60–0.87)* | 0.65 (0.49–0.85)* | 0.92 (0.74–1.15) |
| Phonemic fluency (<14 in men; <13 in women) | ||||
| Adjusted for age & sex | 1 | 0.76 (0.64–0.90)* | 1.00 (0.79–1.27) | 1.32 (1.09–1.60)* |
| + sociodemograhics‡ | 1 | 0.70 (0.59–0.84)* | 0.91 (0.71–1.17) | 1.04 (0.85–1.28) |
| + behaviours§ & health# | 1 | 0.73 (0.61–0.87)* | 0.95 (0.74–1.22) | 1.10 (0.89–1.35) |
| Semantic fluency (<14 in men; <13 in women) | ||||
| Adjusted for age & sex | 1 | 0.80 (0.65–1.05) | 0.82 (0.65–1.05) | 1.30 (1.08–1.57)* |
| + sociodemograhics‡ | 1 | 0.73 (0.61–0.87)* | 0.72 (0.56–0.93)* | 0.97 (0.80–1.19) |
| + behaviours§ & health# | 1 | 0.75 (0.63–0.89)* | 0.72 (0.55–0.94)* | 0.98 (0.79–1.21) |
†
Analysis restricted to those with complete data.
*
p<0.05
‡
Socio-demographic variables: socioeconomic position, education and marital status.
§
Health behaviours: alcohol, fruit and vegetable consumption and hours of physical activity at Phase 5.
#
Health variables: prevalence of CHD, stroke and diabetes at Phase 5 and systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and cholesterol measurements at Phase 5.