TABLE 2.
Baseline characteristics for postmenopausal women with established coronary artery atherosclerosis enrolled in the Estrogen Replacement and Atherosclerosis Trial (n = 224) by tertile of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans Adherence Index (DGAI)
| DGAI tertile group |
||||
| First | Second | Third | P1 | |
| Median DGAI | 12.2 (8.0–13.5) | 14.3 (13.5–15.1) | 16.1 (15.1–19.0) | |
| Number of subjects | 73 | 73 | 73 | |
| Number of coronary segments | 704 | 716 | 715 | |
| Age (y)2 | 64.1 ± 6.9 | 66.3 ± 6.8 | 66.6 ± 6.9 | 0.026 |
| Follow-up duration (y)2 | 3.3 ± 0.01 | 3.4 ± 0.01 | 3.4 ± 0.01 | 0.805 |
| Exam sites [n (%)] | ||||
| Charlotte | 23 (32.0) | 31 (43.1) | 18 (25.0) | |
| Winston-Salem | 31 (40.8) | 20 (26.3) | 25 (32.9) | |
| Hartford | 5 (16.7) | 9 (30.0) | 16 (53.3) | |
| Greensboro | 15 (32.6) | 15 (32.6) | 16 (34.8) | 0.06 |
| Experimental arms [n (%)] | ||||
| Placebo | 23 (30.7) | 29 (38.7) | 23 (30.7) | |
| Equine estrogen | 30 (39.0) | 20 (26.0) | 27 (35.1) | |
| Progesterone and equine estrogen | 21 (29.2) | 26 (36.1) | 25 (34.7) | 0.47 |
| Education [n (%)] | ||||
| Less than high school | 40 (47.1) | 19 (22.4) | 26 (30.6) | |
| High school level education | 26 (29.6) | 34 (38.6) | 28 (31.8) | |
| College level education | 8 (15.7) | 22 (43.1) | 21 (41.2) | <0.01 |
| Current smoking [n (%)] | ||||
| Yes | 29 (61.7) | 12 (25.5) | 6 (12.8) | |
| No | 45 (25.4) | 63 (35.6) | 69 (39.0) | <0.01 |
| Cholesterol-lowering drug [n (%)] | ||||
| Yes | 23 (29.5) | 19 (24.4) | 36 (46.2) | |
| No | 51 (34.9) | 56 (38.4) | 39 (26.7) | 0.01 |
| History of chest pain [n (%)] | ||||
| Yes | 43 (36.8) | 39 (33.3) | 35 (29.9) | |
| No | 31 (29.0) | 36 (33.6) | 40 (37.4) | 0.376 |
| Walking frequency (d/wk)2 | 2.4 ± 0.3 | 3.3 ± 0.3 | 3.2 ± 0.3 | 0.026 |
| BMI (kg/m2)2 | 29.2 ± 0.8 | 30.9 ± 0.8 | 29.4 ± 0.8 | 0.860 |
| Waist circumference (cm)2 | 93.9 ± 1.8 | 93.6 ± 1.8 | 92.9 ± 1.8 | 0.696 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)2 | 135.4 ± 2.0 | 132.4 ± 2.0 | 133.4 ± 2.0 | 0.469 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg)2 | 74.5 ± 1.0 | 74.6 ± 1.0 | 73.6 ± 1.0 | 0.527 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL)23 | 217.0 ± 4.9 | 214.8 ± 4.8 | 219.3 ± 4.9 | 0.749 |
| Triglyceride (mg/dL)23 | 180.8 ± 12.5 | 192.3 ± 12.4 | 209.1 ± 12.5 | 0.113 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL)23 | 45.4 ± 1.4 | 45.4 ± 1.4 | 42.4 ± 1.4 | 0.132 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dL)3 | 138.7 ± 4.5 | 131.9 ± 4.5 | 135.6 ± 4.5 | 0.617 |
| Glucose concentration (mg/dL)2 | 117.3 ± 5.1 | 125.0 ± 5.1 | 116.0 ± 5.1 | 0.874 |
1
P for associations with the DGAI score tested by age-adjusted linear regression for continuous variables except for age and age-adjusted multivariate analysis of variance for categorical variables.
2
Continuous variables are presented as mean ± SE and are adjusted for age categories (<60, ≥60 to <65, ≥65 to <70, and ≥70 y).
3
Three, 2, 3, and 17 individuals were missing measures of total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol concentrations, respectively.