Table 3.

An average change^a of BMI, waist circumference and grip strength over 6-year follow-up according to age, and combination of low muscle strength and obesity groups

	Neither low strength nor obesity	Low strength	Obesity	Low strength and obesity	Main effect of BMI/waist/gripb	Main effect of agec	Interaction effectd
Dependent variable	Mean (95% CI)	Mean (95% CI)	Mean (95% CI)	Mean (95% CI)	P	P	P
BMI, kg/m2					0.04	0.0002	0.02
65−79 years	−0.18 (−0.46; 0.10)	−0.15 (−0.69; 0.39)	−0.23 (−0.81; 0.35)	−0.30 (−1.28; 0.68)
≥80 years	−1.15 (−2.21; −0.09)	−0.15 (−1.25; 0.95)	−3.51 (−5.24; −1.78)	−2.56 (−4.82; −0.30)
Waist circumference, cm					0.14	0.003	0.37
65−79 years	1.56 (0.78; 2.34)	2.28 (0.79; 3.78)	4.67 (3.17; 6.17)	5.29 (2.42; 8.16)
≥80 years	−3.48 (−6.79; −0.16)	0.37 (−3.34; 4.08)	1.89 (−5.53; 9.30)	−4.90 (−13.98; 4.18)
Grip strength, kg					0.05	<0.0001	0.60
65−79 years	0.25 (−0.62; 1.12)	−0.81 (−2.38; 0.76)	1.19 (−0.29; 2.68)	−2.78 (−5.39; −0.17)
≥80 years	−6.72 (−9.41; −4.04)	−5.49 (−8.60; −2.38)	−2.32 (−7.19; 2.55)	−8.87 (−13.81; −3.92)

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval.

^aAdjusted for age, sex and baseline value of the dependent variable.

^bEffect of BMI / waist / grip on dependent variable.

^cEffect of age on dependent variable.

^dInteraction effects of BMI × age, waist × age and grip × age on dependent variable.