Figure 2.

The modular nature of multifunctional LEE effector proteins. Tir, Map and EspF are the best-studied EPEC effectors and have been implicated in subverting multiple cellular processes. These proteins possess many eukaryotic-like motifs with many being assigned to elicit specific host cellular responses. Only those motifs/domains with proven and documented functions within the host cell are shown whilst chaperone binding sites or the N-terminal bacterial secretion and translocation signals are not shown. Other EPEC effectors are not shown because of the paucity of information regarding their functional domains. See text for abbreviations.