Table 1. Comparison of clinical characteristics of participants by type of diabetes and DR status.
| Clinical characteristics |
T1DM |
p value |
T2DM |
p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No DR (n=94) | Blinding DR (n=76) | No DR (n=187) | Blinding DR (n=139) | |||
| Sex (female) |
48 (51) |
29 (45) |
0.478 |
100 (53) |
45 (35) |
0.001 |
| Age (years) |
38.4±14.9 |
49.8±15.5 |
<0.001 |
64.3±14.5 |
64.0±10.7 |
0.853 |
| Disease duration (years) |
15.4±9.1 |
30.9±13.4 |
<0.001 |
12.9±8.7 |
17.5±8.6 |
<0.001 |
| HbA1c (%) |
7.6±2.5 |
8.8±2.3 |
0.004 |
6.6±2.9 |
7.5±3.4 |
0.014 |
| BMI (kg/m2) |
25.9±7.1 |
25.9±9.8 |
0.958 |
32.2±9.1 |
29.6±11.5 |
0.026 |
| Hypercholesterolemia (%) |
33 (35) |
32 (50) |
0.062 |
120 (64) |
81 (63) |
0.802 |
| Nephropathy (%) |
40 (15) |
29 (45) |
<0.001 |
43 (23) |
46 (36) |
0.014 |
| Smoker (%) |
44 (47) |
35 (55) |
0.331 |
99 (53) |
69 (53) |
0.924 |
| Hypertension (%) | 37 (39) | 46 (72) | <0.001 | 153 (82) | 107 (83) | 0.796 |
Results are presented as number of subjects (%) or mean±standard deviation. P-values for comparison between cases and controls are given.