Diminished T-bet expression was induced by CAME in CD4+ Th cells. CD4+ Th cells were incubated in the presence of the indicated concentrations of CAME and stimulated with antibodies to TCR for 24 h. (A) Whole cell extracts were prepared and resolved by SDS-PAGE. Protein blot was incubated with anti-T-bet antibody. (B) Total RNA was extracted from the duplicate of Figure 5A and used for reverse transcription. Relative mRNA levels of T-bet were calculated after normalization to levels of β-actin by using real-time PCR. Data are given as means ± SD (n= 4); ns, not significant; unpaired t-test. CAME, p-coumaryl alcohol-γ-O-methyl ether; conc, concentration; T-bet, T-box protein expressed in T cells; TCR, T cell receptor; Th cell, T helper cell.