Immunohistochemical detection of hyaluronic acid (HA), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) and CD44 in human oesophageal cancer tissue. Shown are sections of human oesophageal tumours, representative for 69 cases. To assess the spatial relationships of HA, COX2 and CD44, consecutive sections were stained. HA (A) was detected in both tumour cell parenchyma and stromal cells; asterisks indicate accumulation of HA in tumour stroma; inset, magnification of the indicated area of a tumour cell cluster demonstrating HA within the cancer cells as well (arrowheads). COX2 (B) and the HA receptor CD44 (C) were detected mainly in tumour cell islands. Taken together, the majority (>90%) of the specimens displayed a strong expression of all three proteins. The micrographs show representative sections (scale bar marks 200 µm).