Effects of capsaicin (CAP) given via left renal pelvis perfusion (LRPP) on clearances of creatinine (CCr), lithium (CLi), sodium (CNa) and free water (CH2O). CAP significantly increased CCr (A), CLi (B), CNa (C), and CH2O (D) by activation of the TRPV1 in the renal pelvis and these effects of CAP were abolished by blockade of the TRPV1 with capsazepine (CAPZ). (n= 5–6 rats). ++ p < 0.01 vs Vehicle, CAPZ + CAP, and CAPZ groups.