Table 3.
Participation levels and determinants of participation in multi-component worksite health promotion programmes
| Study | Study design | Study population | Worksite health promotion programme | Participation level | Determinants of participation | OR [95%CI] |
| Stein 2000 [31] |
cohort (adjusted data) |
Benefit-eligible hospital employees (n = 2421) |
Health risk assessment with results converted to dollar equivalents, plus a series of health promotion activities on physical activity, weight, nutrition, smoking, and stress management for variable time periods. |
29% | male gender age 25–34 age 35–44 age 45–54 age 55+ white ethnicity not at risk (body fat) not at risk (cholesterol) full-time employment salary worker |
0.38 [0.30–0.50]* 1.30 [1.03–1.62]* 1.43 [0.91–2.22] 1.79 [1.46–2.16]* 1.16 [1.13–1.17]* 1.28 [0.86–1.92] PR = 0.42 PR = 0.69 1.79 [1.41–2.22]* 1.54 [1.27–1.89]* |
| Lerman 1996 [33] |
cohort | Career army personnel and spouses (n=not available) |
A 4-day vacation programme with lectures, workshops, and access to sport facilities. |
not available (n = 353) |
male gender age 30–39 age, 40+ married intermediate education higher education non smoker |
0.67* 1.66* 2.21* 4.14* 0.77 1.70* 4,81* |
| Lewis 1996 [12] |
cohort | Employees of a petrochemical R&D company (n = 2290) |
Health risk assessment, fitness centre, and education classes on physical activity, weight, nutrition, smoking, stress-management and blood pressure during a period of 2 yrs. |
wellness programme: 64% (n = 1471) |
male gender age, 31–50 age, 50+ higher education white ethnicity low fitness risk low nutrition risk low cholesterol risk low obesity risk low hypertension risk |
0.34 [0.28–0.43]* 0.66 [0.51–0.85]* 0.57 [0.42–0.77]* 0.75 [0.59–0.96]* 0.97 [0.78–1.21] 1.45 [1.09–1.94]* 0.91 [0.56–1.50] 0.85 [0.66–1.09] 0.25 [0.15–0.43]* 0.41 [0.18–0.94]* |
| Sorensen 1996 [30] |
cRCT (adjusted data) |
Random sample of employees of intervention worksites in the WellWorksTrial (n = 2767) |
Cancer-prevention intervention with several activities on individual and organizational level on nutrition, smoking, occupational safety for a 2-yr period. |
nutrition programme: 49% (n = 1224) |
male gender white collar worker vs. crafts/labourers |
0.45 [0.36–0.56]* 1.52 [1.23–1.89]* |
| Knight 1994 [32] |
cohort | University employees with 2 yrs of continuous employment (n = 4972) |
Health screens and lifestyle improvement programmes on smoking cessation, weight control, stress management, nutrition education, fitness and blood pressure. |
63% (n = 3122) | male gender age, 35–54 age, > 55 higher education white ethnicity |
0.48 [0.42–0.54]* 0.96 [0.85–1.08] 0.64 [0.52–0.79]* 1.22 [1.09–1.37]* 1.12 [0.99–1.25] |
| Henritze 1992 [29] |
cohort | Food Company employees (n = 1320) |
Health screening followed by a variety of programmes during a 8-wk period: exercise equipment, and classes on activity, nutrition, hypertension and smoking. |
52% (n = 692) | male gender age (yrs, mean) Caucasian ethnicity married shift work |
0.57 [0.43–0.76]* P: 42.6 all workers: 43.0 0.83 [0.60–1.15] 1.13 [0.87–1.48] 0.57 [0.45–0.73]* |
| Brill 1991 [28] |
cohort | Teachers in schools (n = 11830) |
Health screen followed by 10-wk program with exercise sessions and health education classes. |
33% (n = 3873) | male gender age, 36–50 age 50+ higher education white ethnicity |
0.95 [0.86–1.04] 1.50 [1.37–1.64]* 1.34 [1.21–1.49]* 1.76 [1.56–2.00]* 2.04 [1.88–2.21]* |