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. 2009 Jan 29;142(1):19–27. doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2009.01.005

Fig. 7.

Fig. 7

S protein is a ligand for human TLR2. Cultures of (A) hTLR2-293, (B) 293 and (C) hACE2-293 cells (1 × 106 cells) were stimulated with S (spike) protein (11.2 μM), SARS pseudovirus (3 × 105 RLU), supernatant from pSARS pHIV cotransfected 293 cells (3 × 106 RLU), or infected with HCoV-229E (MOI = 1). Culture media were collected at 18 h and secreted IL-8 was measured by ELISA. Data are from two or more experiments. p = 0.03 for S protein compared with control in hTLR2-293 cells by the paired one-tailed t-test.