Membrane fluidity and dehydration resistance quantified by fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP). (a-e) Fluorescence images of supported monolayers containing 1 mol % Texas Red DHPE. Initially, images of 99 mol % synthetic trehalose glycolipids (a and c) and 99 mol % DOPC (e) display intact monolayers with characteristically bright and uniform fields of fluorescence. (a2,c2,e2) When the monolayers are photobleached in a defined circular region, they recover a uniform field of intensity, indicating fluidity. (b and d) After dehydration and rehydration, FRAP images of 99 mol % trehalose glycolipid display a similarly intact, bright, and fluid monolayers. (e) Monolayers of 99 mol % DOPC show no measurable intensity above background noise after dehydration and rehydration and are destroyed by the desiccation process. The intensity of f has been increase by a factor of 5 relative to e.