Nucleotide sequence for the 5′ end of the human β1 subunit gene. Transcriptional start sites mapped by S1 nuclease protection are indicated by +, primer extension by *, and modified SLIC by ▵ for round one and ◊ for round two. The first nucleotide, A, of the most 5′ transcriptional initiation site is designated as +1. Positions of Inr elements are indicated by overlining. Half brackets mark the 5′ and 3′ ends of β1-P (−436/+105), T5.1–T5.6, and T3.1–T3.5 constructs. The 5′ end of the human cDNA sequence (25) is indicated by a bracket.