Table 3.
Baseline | 6 months* | 12 months† | |
---|---|---|---|
Caloric intake (kcal/day) | |||
Low-carbohydrate diet | 1,983 ± 650 | 1,652 ± 650 | 1,642 ± 600 |
Low-fat diet | 1,863 ± 450 | 1,653 ± 471 | 1,810 ± 590 |
P value for low-carbohydrate diet vs. low-fat diet | 0.28 | 0.99 | 0.30 |
Carbohydrate intake (% total energy) | |||
Low-carbohydrate diet | 43.9 ± 9.1 | 33.5 ± 14.7 | 33.4 ± 13.2 |
Low-fat diet | 41.2 ± 10.4 | 48.1 ± 14.1 | 50.1 ± 10.0 |
P value for low-carbohydrate diet vs. low-fat diet | 0.14 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Fat intake (% total energy) | |||
Low-carbohydrate diet | 36.1 ± 7.6 | 43.0 ± 13.1 | 43.9 ± 10.8 |
Low-fat diet | 38.8 ± 9.4 | 30.8 ± 9.8 | 30.8 ± 10.2 |
P value for low-carbohydrate diet vs. low-fat diet | 0.12 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Saturated fat (% total fat)† | |||
Low-carbohydrate diet | 31.3 ± 7.9 | 28.6 ± 8.8 | 28.7 ± 9.6 |
Low-fat diet | 31.5 ± 7.0 | 30.7 ± 8.4 | 30.2 ± 5.4 |
P value for low-carbohydrate diet vs. low-fat diet | 0.91 | 0.33 | 0.43 |
Polyunsaturated fat (% total fat)† | |||
Low-carbohydrate diet | 19.1 ± 7.6 | 19.1 ± 7.5 | 17.4 ± 8.0 |
Low-fat diet | 19.6 ± 9.0 | 19.8 ± 8.0 | 21.4 ± 8.6 |
P value for low-carbohydrate diet vs. low-fat diet | 0.76 | 0.70 | 0.06 |
Monounsaturated fat (% total fat)† | |||
Low-carbohydrate diet | 36.1 ± 7.0 | 39.5 ± 11.0 | 40.7 ± 10.4 |
Low-fat diet | 37.6 ± 6.9 | 35.2 ± 8.7 | 38.1 ± 6.9 |
P value for low-carbohydrate diet vs. low-fat diet | 0.28 | 0.08 | 0.25 |
Protein intake (% total energy) | |||
Low-carbohydrate diet | 19.5 ± 6.3 | 22.5 ± 6.0 | 22.7 ± 6.7 |
Low-fat diet | 19.4 ± 6.6 | 20.5 ± 7.0 | 18.9 ± 4.7 |
P value for low-carbohydrate diet vs. low-fat diet | 0.94 | 0.18 | 0.02 |
Fiber (g/day) | |||
Low-carbohydrate diet | 15.4 ± 8.5 | 12.6 ± 10.7 | 15.1 ± 9.5 |
Low-fat diet | 14.9 ± 8.5 | 17.0 ± 9.7 | 17.2 ± 8.1 |
P value for low-carbohydrate diet vs. low-fat diet | 0.78 | 0.09 | 0.36 |
Data are means ± SD.
*Based on 24-h recall from 68 participants.
†Based on 24-h recall from 57 participants.