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. 2009 Apr 14;32(7):1147–1152. doi: 10.2337/dc08-2108

Table 3.

Dietary intake at each time point

Baseline 6 months* 12 months
Caloric intake (kcal/day)
    Low-carbohydrate diet 1,983 ± 650 1,652 ± 650 1,642 ± 600
    Low-fat diet 1,863 ± 450 1,653 ± 471 1,810 ± 590
    P value for low-carbohydrate diet vs. low-fat diet 0.28 0.99 0.30
Carbohydrate intake (% total energy)
    Low-carbohydrate diet 43.9 ± 9.1 33.5 ± 14.7 33.4 ± 13.2
    Low-fat diet 41.2 ± 10.4 48.1 ± 14.1 50.1 ± 10.0
    P value for low-carbohydrate diet vs. low-fat diet 0.14 <0.001 <0.001
Fat intake (% total energy)
    Low-carbohydrate diet 36.1 ± 7.6 43.0 ± 13.1 43.9 ± 10.8
    Low-fat diet 38.8 ± 9.4 30.8 ± 9.8 30.8 ± 10.2
    P value for low-carbohydrate diet vs. low-fat diet 0.12 <0.001 <0.001
Saturated fat (% total fat)
    Low-carbohydrate diet 31.3 ± 7.9 28.6 ± 8.8 28.7 ± 9.6
    Low-fat diet 31.5 ± 7.0 30.7 ± 8.4 30.2 ± 5.4
    P value for low-carbohydrate diet vs. low-fat diet 0.91 0.33 0.43
Polyunsaturated fat (% total fat)
    Low-carbohydrate diet 19.1 ± 7.6 19.1 ± 7.5 17.4 ± 8.0
    Low-fat diet 19.6 ± 9.0 19.8 ± 8.0 21.4 ± 8.6
    P value for low-carbohydrate diet vs. low-fat diet 0.76 0.70 0.06
Monounsaturated fat (% total fat)
    Low-carbohydrate diet 36.1 ± 7.0 39.5 ± 11.0 40.7 ± 10.4
    Low-fat diet 37.6 ± 6.9 35.2 ± 8.7 38.1 ± 6.9
    P value for low-carbohydrate diet vs. low-fat diet 0.28 0.08 0.25
Protein intake (% total energy)
    Low-carbohydrate diet 19.5 ± 6.3 22.5 ± 6.0 22.7 ± 6.7
    Low-fat diet 19.4 ± 6.6 20.5 ± 7.0 18.9 ± 4.7
    P value for low-carbohydrate diet vs. low-fat diet 0.94 0.18 0.02
Fiber (g/day)
    Low-carbohydrate diet 15.4 ± 8.5 12.6 ± 10.7 15.1 ± 9.5
    Low-fat diet 14.9 ± 8.5 17.0 ± 9.7 17.2 ± 8.1
    P value for low-carbohydrate diet vs. low-fat diet 0.78 0.09 0.36

Data are means ± SD.

*Based on 24-h recall from 68 participants.

†Based on 24-h recall from 57 participants.