Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the analyzed subset of the Inter99 cohort
| Converters | Nonconverters | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Participants | 160 | 472 | |
| Male sex | 110 (68.8) | 279 (59.1) | 0.031 |
| NFG and NGT | 12 (7.6) | 226 (49.7) | <0.0001 |
| IFG only | 46 (29.1) | 174 (38.2) | 0.0433 |
| IGT only | 25 (15.8) | 19 (4.2) | <0.0001 |
| Both IFG and IGT | 75 (47.5) | 36 (7.9) | <0.0001 |
| Family history | 48 (30.0) | 98 (20.8) | 0.0223 |
| Age (years) | 50.2 (45.2–55.0) | 49.8 (44.8–54.8) | <0.0001 |
| Height (cm) | 172 (166–179) | 172 (166–179) | 0.9277 |
| Weight (kg) | 89 (80–100) | 84 (77–93) | 0.0001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 29.7 (27.5–32.9) | 27.6 (26.1–30.1) | <0.0001 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 97 (91–109) | 93 (86–99) | <0.0001 |
| Hip circumference (cm) | 106 (102–113) | 104 (100–109) | 0.004 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 140 (130–150) | 130 (120–144) | <0.0001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 90 (80–96) | 85 (80–90) | 0.0008 |
| Fasting serum total cholesterol (mmol/l) | 5.8 (5.1–6.5) | 5.7 (5.0–6.4) | 0.2513 |
| Fasting serum HDL cholesterol (mmol/l) | 1.2 (1.0–1.4) | 1.3 (1.1–1.6) | 0.0013 |
| Fasting serum LDL cholesterol (mmol/l) | 3.6 (3.1–4.4) | 3.6 (3.1–4.3) | 0.6898 |
| Fasting serum triglycerides (mmol/l) | 1.6 (1.3–2.2) | 1.3 (0.9–1.8) | <0.0001 |
| Fasting serum insulin (pmol/l) | 58 (37–81) | 40 (27–59) | <0.0001 |
| 2-h serum insulin (pmol/l) | 325 (210–486) | 186 (100–298) | <0.0001 |
| FPG (mmol/l) | 6.1 (5.7–6.5) | 5.6 (5.3–6.0) | <0.0001 |
| 2-h plasma glucose (mmol/l) | 8.4 (7.1–9.5) | 6.1 (5.1–7.0) | <0.0001 |
| A1C (%) | 6.1 (5.8–6.4) | 5.9 (5.6–6.1) | <0.0001 |
| Adiponectin (μg/ml) | 19.5 (9.3–39.6) | 22.2 (12.9–42.6) | 0.0345 |
| CRP (μg/ml) | 3.2 (1.5–7.9) | 2.0 (0.8–5.3) | <0.0001 |
| Ferritin (ng/ml) | 867 (290–1749) | 483 (168–1045) | <0.0001 |
| IL-2RA (pg/ml) | 290 (230–400) | 270 (200–350) | 0.0049 |
Data are n (%) or median (interquartile range) for continuous variables. Data are from 632 subjects in the subsample of 3,032 at-risk individuals with BMI ≥25 kg/m2 and age ≥39 years from the Inter99 cohort. Converters are individuals who developed epidemiologically defined diabetes within 5 years. Nonconverters were randomly selected from the Inter99 cohort in an approximately 3:1 ratio to converters. IFG was defined as FPG of 5.6–6.9 mmol/l. Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) was defined as 2-h postload glucose of 7.8–11.1 mmol/l. At baseline, 92% of the converters had IFG, IGT, or both, whereas 50% of nonconverters had IFG, IGT, or both. For categorical descriptors, values are counts (percentage of total for that cohort). Differences in frequency between converters and nonconverters were evaluated with a Monte Carlo estimation of the χ2 statistic (2,000 replicates). Differences in medians were evaluated with a Wilcoxon test. NFG, normal fasting glucose; NGT, normal glucose tolerance.