Table 2.

Estimates of the Effect of the Premier Hospital Quality Demonstration on Risk-Adjusted 30-Day Mortality

	AMI Mortality			Heart Failure Mortality			Pneumonia Mortality			CABG Mortality
Description	PHQID Effect	N	R2	PHQID Effect	n	R2	PHQID Effect	n	R2	PHQID Effect	n	R2
Hospital fixed effects	−0.002 [−0.9%]	19,729	0.070	−0.000 [−0.3%]	20,366	0.081	−0.001 [−0.8%]	20,436	0.142	0.002 [4.8%]	6,460	0.087
	(0.002)	{3,438}		(0.001)	{3,524}		(0.002)	{3,538}		(0.002)	{1,152}
Hospital fixed effects in PHQID-eligible subsample	−0.003 [−1.3%]	2,229	0.170	0.002 [1.9%]	2,243	0.166	0.001 [0.9%]	2,246	0.253	0.002 [5.0%]	1,042	0.130
	(0.004)	{374}		(0.002)	{375}		(0.003)	{376}		(0.003)	{178}
	std(AMI Mortality)			std(Heart Failure Mortality)			std(Pneumonia Mortality)			std(CABG Mortality)
DDD
Stroke	−0.010 [−1.0%]	19,673	0.026	−0.003 [−0.3%]	20,084	0.031	−0.001 [−0.1%]	20,091	0.011	0.024 [2.4%]	6,449	0.014
	(0.012)	{3,427}		(0.011)	{3,480}		(0.012)	{3,483}		(0.028)	{1,150}
Gastrointestinal	−0.011 [−1.1%]	19,681	0.031	−0.006 [−0.6%]	20,175	0.019	−0.008 [−0.8%]	20,190	0.062	0.036 [3.6%]	6,445{1,151}	0.059
hemorrhage	(0.008)	{3,429}		(0.008)	{3,497}		(0.009)	{3,501}		(0.027)	{1,151}

*** p<.01. ** p<.05. * p<.10.

Percentage change (semielasticity) in risk-adjusted mortality is displayed in brackets [ ].

Heteroskedasticity-consistent standard errors are displayed in parentheses ().

Unique numbers of hospital units are displayed in {} under model n.

PHQID and reference conditions are z-transformed in the DDD models.

AMI, acute myocardial infarction; DDD, difference-in-difference-in-differences; PHQID, premier hospital quality incentive demonstration.