Table 4.
Results Showing Discrete Time Logistic Regression Analyses-Adjusted Odds Ratios Comparing Closed and Nonclosed Nursing Homes from 1999, 2002, and 2005
| Year |
|||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1999 | 2002 | 2005 | |
| AOR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) | |
| Independent variables of interest | |||
| Hospital based† | 2.746* | 2.746* | 2.746* |
| (2.174, 3.469) | (2.174, 3.469) | (2.174, 3.469) | |
| Medicaid reimbursement rate‡ | 0.103* | 0.120* | 0.138* |
| (0.073, 0.146) | (0.084, 0.170) | (0.092, 0.208) | |
| Medicaid resident occupancy§ | 1.089 | 1.473* | 1.991* |
| (0.936, 1.267) | (1.235, 1.756) | (1.401, 2.828) | |
| Quality of care-deficiency citations | 1.413* | 1.541* | 1.681* |
| (1.303, 1.533) | (1.427, 1.664) | (1.427, 1.981) | |
| Competition (Herfindahl Index) | 1.559* | 1.364* | 1.194 |
| (1.360, 1.786) | (1.237, 1.505) | (0.968, 1.474) | |
| Occupancy rate | 0.568* | 0.530* | 0.495* |
| (0.527, 0.613) | (0.493, 0.571) | (0.426, 0.576) | |
| Internal factors | |||
| FTE NAs/100 beds | 0.954 | 0.968 | 0.982 |
| (0.904, 1.007) | (0.920, 1.018) | (0.883, 1.092) | |
| FTE LPNs/100 beds | 0.988 | 0.978 | 0.968 |
| (0.920, 1.061) | (0.906, 1.055) | (0.827, 1.132) | |
| FTE RNs/100 beds | 1.122* | 1.175* | 1.230* |
| (1.054, 1.195) | (1.095, 1.261) | (1.066, 1.420) | |
| Resident case mix (ADL score) | 0.912 | 0.941 | 0.972 |
| (0.814, 1.021) | (0.844, 1.049) | (0.775, 1.228) | |
| Organizational factors | |||
| Bed size† | 0.352* | 0.352* | 0.352* |
| (0.313, 0.396) | (0.313, 0.396) | (0.313, 0.396) | |
| For-profit ownership† | 0.898 | 0.898 | 0.898 |
| (0.764, 1.056) | (0.764, 1.056) | (0.764, 1.056) | |
| Chain membership† | 1.348* | 1.348* | 1.348* |
| (1.176, 1.545) | (1.176, 1.545) | (1.176, 1.545) | |
| New facility† | 1.536* | 1.536* | 1.536* |
| (1.182, 1.995) | (1.182, 1.995) | (1.182, 1.995) | |
N=173,219 observations.
Significant at a 5% level.
Variable assumed to have constant impact throughout the 1999–2005 time period.
Adjusted odds ratio for the Medicaid reimbursement rate incorporates the interaction with Medicaid resident occupancy and is evaluated at the mean value for Medicaid resident occupancy.
Adjusted odds ratio for the Medicaid resident occupancy incorporates the interaction with Medicaid reimbursement rate and is evaluated at the mean value for Medicaid reimbursement rate.
All continuous variables are divided by their standard deviation. State dummies also included (not shown).
FTE, full-time equivalent; ADL, activities of daily living; RNs, registered nurses; LPNs, licensed practical nurses; NAs, nurse aides; AOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.