Fig. 1.

LPS activation induces a semi-mature phenotype in tolDC with retention of an anti-inflammatory cytokine profile. (A) immDC, matDC, tolDC, and LPS-tolDC were stained with antibodies against cell-surface molecules, as indicated, and were assessed by flow cytometry. Debris and dead cells were excluded on the basis of forward-scatter and side-scatter, and viability was detected with Via-Probe. One representative experiment of 12 independent donors is shown. (B) DC populations were washed, cultured at 1.5 × 10⁵ DC/ml, and activated with CD40L-expressing cells (1.5×10⁵/ml) for 24 h. Cytokines in supernatants were quantified by sandwich ELISA. Error bars represent sem of triplicates. One representative experiment of five independent donors is shown. Detection level of IL-12p70 ELISA was 30 pg/ml.