Table 5.

Risk estimates of putative exposures (OR and 95%CI)

	N	Lifetime LBP	12 month LBP	1 month LBP	1 week LBP
Age
18 or less years	51	1	1	1	1
19 years	62	1.6 (0.7–3.4)	1.7 (0.8–3.5)	2.2 (0.9–5.0)	2.0 (0.8–5.1)
20 years	46	2.9 (1.2–7.2)	3.6 (1.5–8.7)	4.5 (1.9–10.8)	3.4 (1.3–9.0_
21 years	42	3.0 (1.2–7.6)	3.2 (1.3–7.6)	3.5 (1.5–8.5)	2.4 (1.0–6.5)
22 years	14	2.0 (0.6–7.4)	1.5 (0.4–4.9)	0.5 (0.1–2.5)	0.9 (0.7–4.8)
23+ years	35	2.0 (0.8–5.1)	2.1 (0.9–5.2)	3.1 (1.2–7.7)	2.5 (0.9–6.9)
Gender		0.9 (0.5–1.6)	0.9 (0.5–1.6)	0.9 (0.5–1.5)	1.0 (0.5–1.7)
Occupational exposure
Low	84	1
Medium	83	1.4 (0.5–3.9)
High	83	1.3 (0.8–1.6)
Sports Exposure
Low	84	1
Medium	83	0.9 (0.4–1.8)
High	83	1.2 (0.9–1.5)
Length of study >1	175	2.4 (1.2–5.0)	2.3 (1.4–2.6)	2.0 (1.1–3.6)	1.2 (0.7–2.4)
Height >171 cm	172		1.1 (0.3–4.2)
Weight >63 kgs	176		1.1 (0.5–2.2)
BMI > 21.25	177		1.3 (0.7–2.2)
Fitness
Poor	29		1	1	1
Moderate	132		1.8 (0.8–4.1)	1.7 (0.6–3.7)	2.2 (0.8–6.1)
Good	89		1.6 (0.7–3.7)	1.3 (0.6–3.2)	1.7 (0.6–4.9)
Educational exposures
>20 hrs sitting looking straight ahead	55			0.8 (0.5–1.4)	0.7 (0.4–1.3)
>20 hrs sitting looking down most of the time	58			2.4 (1.4–4.1)	1.7 (0.9–3.1)
>20 hrs practicing techniques on someone else	102			1.5 (0.9–2.7)	1.3 (0.7–2.4)
>20 hrs having techniques practiced on you	98			1.9 (0.9–3.6)	1.7 (0.8–3.4)
>20 hrs treating patients	126			1.9 (1.1–3.6)	2.1 (1.1–4.1)