Fig. 5.

Rictor^ad−/− mice have improved glucose tolerance after HFD. (A and B) Glucose tolerance tests in overnight-starved mice fed a chow diet (A) or an HFD for 10 weeks (B). Mice were injected with glucose (2 g/kg, i.p.), and blood glucose was subsequently measured at the indicated time points (n = 10–16). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, rictor^ad−/− vs. rictor^fl/fl. n = 9–10 per group. (C) Insulin sensitivity test in fed mice on a chow diet. Mice were injected with insulin (0.75 IU/kg, i.p.), and blood glucose was subsequently measured at the indicated time points (n = 10–11, P > 0.05). (D) Immunoblot of in vivo insulin-stimulated adipose tissue, muscle, and liver. Twenty-one-week-old mice fed a chow diet were starved overnight and anesthetized, followed by i.p. injection of saline or 150 mU/g body weight insulin. After 15 min adipose tissue, muscle and liver were removed and snap frozen. Lysates were run on an SDS-PAGE and immunoblotted for phosphorylated and total Akt, and phosphorylated and total GSK3. (E) Basal and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake was measured on isolated adipocytes from rictor^fl/fl and rictor^ad−/− mice on a chow diet. Glucose uptake was normalized to cell number, and data are shown in arbitrary units (n = 5).