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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Stroke. 2009 Apr 30;40(6):1999–2003. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.108.546150

Table 2.

Subtypes and potential causes of stroke out of the territory of the symptomatic intracranial stenosis

Stroke Type n Potential Cause of Stroke n
Lacunar 5 PAD 4
Extracranial Carotid Occlusion 1
Non-Lacunar 24 Other Intracranial Stenosis, Occlusion or Thrombus 14*
Extracranial Vertebral Stenosis 1
Undetermined 9

PAD indicates penetrating artery disease

*

3 had another possible cause of stroke:1 cardioembolism, 1 extracranial vertebral stenosis and 1 other (lupus anticoagulant).