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. 2009 Jun 10;3:11. doi: 10.3389/neuro.07.011.2009

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Copyright © 2009 Nguyen, Kloosterman, Barbieri, Brown and Wilson.

This is an open-access article subject to an exclusive license agreement between the authors and the Frontiers Research Foundation, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original authors and source are credited.

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Illustration of signal processing. (A) LFP recording from stratum oriens of the dorsal CA1 region, sampled at 800 Hz. (B) Bandpass filtered LFP signal between (100–250 Hz) results in typical “ripple” signal. (C) Snapshot of raw LFP data taken from (A) (grey vertical bar), with isolated sharp wave activity in the background (1–25 Hz), (D) ripple signal amplitude envelope, (E) ripple band signal (100–250 Hz), (F) the instantaneous frequency (iFreq) estimate, and (G) the frequency modulation (FM) estimate.