Fig. 1.

Reproductive success from hand-pollination and caged moth pollination experiments. (A) Fruit set, i.e. the percentage of flowers in that pollination treatment that set fruit. Fruit set from autonomous self-pollination was significantly lower than other treatments, which did not differ significantly from each other (see text). (B) Mean (± s.e.m.) seed set per maturing fruit. Seed set from autonomous self-pollination was significantly lower than other treatments; moth hand-pollination resulted in lower seed set than did hand self-pollination, but other treatments did not differ significantly from each other (see text). Abbreviations: aut SP, autonomous self-pollination, from unmanipulated flowers; hand OP, hand outcross-pollination, i.e. from emasculated flowers on which pollen from other plants had been actively deposited; hand SP, hand self-pollination, i.e. from flowers on which pollen from other flowers the same plant had been actively deposited; moth OP, moth outcross-pollination, i.e. from emasculated flowers exposed overnight to Manduca sexta in a cage with flowers on other plants; moth SP, moth hand-pollination, i.e. from flowers exposed overnight to M. sexta in a cage with only that plant present.