Table 2.
Association of HTLV-I seropositivity with immune biomarker levels by study population, with adjustment for age, sex, and year of sample collection
| Japan | Jamaica | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HTLV-I | HTLV-I | |||||||
| - | + | - | + | |||||
| (N=51) | (N=51) | (N=51) | (N=51) | |||||
| Immune marker category* | % | % | OR§ | (95% CI) | % | % | OR§ | (95% CI) |
| EBNA1:EBNA2 ratio | ||||||||
| >1.0 | 86.7† | 72.9‡ | 1.0 | (reference) | 68.1¶ | 63.0¶ | 1.0 | (reference) |
| ≤1.0 | 13.3† | 27.1‡ | 3.0 | (0.9-9.9) | 31.9¶ | 37.0¶ | 1.3 | (0.5-3.0) |
| CRP | ||||||||
| ≤Median | 51.0 | 31.4 | 1.0 | (reference) | 51.0 | 49.0 | 1.0 | (reference) |
| >Median | 49.0 | 68.6 | 2.4 | (1.1-5.5) | 49.0 | 51.0 | 1.1 | (0.5-2.4) |
| sIL2R | ||||||||
| ≤Median | 49.0 | 39.2 | 1.0 | (reference) | 51.0 | 29.4 | 1.0 | (reference) |
| >Median | 51.0 | 60.8 | 1.6 | (0.7-3.8) | 49.0 | 70.6 | 3.3 | (1.3-8.6) |
| sCD30 | ||||||||
| ≤Median | 51.0 | 45.1 | 1.0 | (reference) | 51.0 | 35.3 | 1.0 | (reference) |
| >Median | 49.0 | 54.9 | 1.3 | (0.5-3.1) | 49.0 | 64.7 | 2.1 | (0.9-5.1) |
| Total IgE | ||||||||
| ≤Median | 51.0 | 52.9 | 1.0 | (reference) | 51.0 | 62.7 | 1.0 | (reference) |
| >Median | 49.0 | 47.1 | 0.8 | (0.4-1.8) | 49.0 | 37.3 | 0.6 | (0.3-1.3) |
| Neopterin | ||||||||
| ≤Median | 51.0 | 52.9 | 1.0 | (reference) | 51.0 | 45.1 | 1.0 | (reference) |
| >Median | 49.0 | 47.1 | 1.0 | (0.4-2.4) | 49.0 | 54.9 | 1.3 | (0.6-3.0) |
Abbreviations:HTLV-I, human T-lymphotropic virus type I; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; EBNA1, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) nuclear antigen type 1; EBNA2, EBV nuclear antigen type 2; CRP, C-reactive protein; sIL2R, soluble IL-2 receptor-α (or CD25); sCD30, soluble CD30; IgE, immunoglobulin E.
Above-median categories are defined according to the population-specific median levels observed among non-carriers of HTLV-I.
45 Japanese HTLV-I-seronegative persons were analyzed; we omitted one EBV-seronegative subject and five subjects with non-specific anti-EBNA reactivity.
48 Japanese HTLV-I-seropositive individuals were analyzed; we omitted three subjects with non-specific anti-EBNA reactivity.
From unconditional logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, and year of sample collection.
49 HTLV-I-seronegative and 49 HTLV-I-seropositive Jamaican persons were analyzed; we omitted two subjects with non-specific anti-EBNA reactivity in each group.