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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Pers Soc Psychol. 2009 Mar;96(3):601–619. doi: 10.1037/a0013969

Table 1.

Mean and Standard Deviations for Relationship Variables Over Time in Parents

Satisfaction Negative
Observed
Commun.
Poor
Conflict
Manage.
Problem
Intensity
Confidence Dedication

Time Period Fathers
-3 to -4 years 29.50
(5.71)
2.72
(1.01)
1.29
(0.27)
11.53
(6.91)
6.68
(0.48)
6.44
(0.43)
-2 to -3 years 26.71
(7.60)
2.56
(0.91)
1.38
(0.38)
12.19
(7.40)
6.60
(0.57)
6.33
(0.51)
-1 to -2 years 26.43
(6.28)
2.47
(1.03)
1.36
(0.33)
13.37
(7.32)
6.70
(0.41)
6.34
(0.51)
-0 to -1 years 27.72
(5.84)
2.34
(1.00)
1.26
(0.25)
11.90
(8.56)
6.81
(0.31)
6.49
(0.39)
+0 to +1 years 25.35
(5.46)
2.53
(1.12)
1.33
(0.32)
11.90
(7.08)
6.69
(0.41)
6.37
(0.51)
+1 to +2 years 24.67
(7.68)
2.59
(1.12)
1.36
(0.42)
13.77
(8.88)
6.60
(0.63)
6.29
(0.62)
+2 to +3 years 22.90
(5.91)
2.06
(0.85)
1.37
(0.37)
16.17
(10.26)
6.58
(0.63)
6.34
(0.50)
+3 to +4 years 23.05
(6.82)
2.35
(0.93)
1.39
(0.37)
17.06
(10.31)
6.60
(0.48)
6.33
(0.60)
Time Period Mothers
-3 to -4 years 30.71
(5.73)
2.65
(0.97)
1.30
(0.27)
11.05
(6.18)
6.82
(0.38)
6.51
(0.38)
-2 to -3 years 26.51
(8.17)
2.57
(0.87)
1.41
(0.39)
13.41
(9.38)
6.63
(0.77)
6.43
(0.48)
-1 to -2 years 25.19
(7.16)
2.40
(1.06)
1.38
(0.31)
13.60
(7.94)
6.70
(0.61)
6.42
(0.42)
-0 to -1 years 26.38
(6.86)
2.41
(1.09)
1.29
(0.28)
11.17
(7.93)
6.73
(0.46)
6.44
(0.48)
+0 to +1 years 24.29
(7.00)
2.58
(1.07)
1.42
(0.35)
15.45
(9.30)
6.48
(0.58)
6.40
(0.51)
+1 to +2 years 21.85
(6.10)
2.57
(1.05)
1.47
(0.39)
17.70
(11.11)
6.42
(0.97)
6.23
(0.55)
+2 to +3 years 21.47
(2.47)
2.20
(0.98)
1.48
(0.37)
17.67
(10.64)
6.45
(0.70)
6.21
(0.60)
+3 to +4 years 21.51
(2.51)
2.36
(1.03)
1.45
(0.36)
17.92
(11.23)
6.49
(0.72)
6.23
(0.57)