Table 2.

Asymptotic relative bias of parameter estimates for heterogeneous cohort, dependent on covariates of interest (base state: 1=Intact cognition)

			σ = 1		σ = 2		σ = 3
Risk Factors	State	θ	With Baseline	Without Baseline	With Baseline	Without Baseline	With Baseline	Without Baseline
Age	2	0.14	−0.3%	−8.4%	6.1%	−22.6%	10.5%	−46.8%
	3	0.22	0.5%	−4.6%	4.2%	−14.2%	6.5%	−30.4%
	4	0.20	0.2%	−5.5%	4.4%	−16.1%	6.0%	−34.7%
	5	0.23	−0.7%	−5.6%	3.7%	−13.9%	7.6%	−27.7%
APOE-4	2	1.59	2.9%	−4.7%	3.1%	−21.9%	6.1%	−41.7%
	3	1.98	2.2%	−3.9%	3.5%	−16.7%	5.5%	−33.1%
	4	2.06	2.3%	−3.5%	3.3%	−15.9%	5.2%	−31.6%
	5	1.75	2.0%	−4.9%	3.5%	−19.3%	6.7%	−36.9%
Prior state:
Intact Cognition	2	−0.6	6.1%	39.3%	−3.8%	84.0%	−17.1%	140.2%
	3	−3.0	0.5%	7.1%	−0.4%	17.1%	−2.9%	28.4%
	4	−4.5	2.3%	6.6%	1.5%	13.1%	0.3%	21.1%
	5	−3.0	1.5%	8.1%	−0.8%	16.6%	−2.7%	28.5%
MCI	2	0.3	−12.3%	−10.5%	6.9%	7.3%	26.7%	35.4%
	3	−2.7	0.6%	0.4%	−1.2%	−1.3%	−2.7%	−3.7%
	4	−2.2	2.1%	1.8%	−1.2%	−1.3%	−2.0%	−3.2%
	5	−2.5	0.7%	0.5%	−1.8%	−1.8%	−3.1%	−4.1%

States: 2=Mild cognitive impairment I, 3=Global impairment, 4=Dementia, 5=Death