Table 5.
Percent increase in respiratory visits (95% confidence interval) for specified change in pollutant concentration.
| Pollutant | Lag | Mean | Asthma | Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease | Respiratory Infection |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CO | 0 | 0.7 | -1.8 (-5.8, 2.2) | 2.2 (-3.4, 8.1) | -0.8 (-3.2, 1.7) |
| 1 | ppm | -0.3 (-2.3, 1.8) | -3.3 (-6.1, -0.4)† | 0.7 (-3.0, 4.5) | |
| 2 | 0.6 (-1.5, 2.7) | -2.3 (-6.1, 1.6) | 2.4 (-1.7, 6.7) | ||
| NO2 | 0 | 18.4 | -0.4 (-4.4, 3.9) | 0.1 (-5.6, 6.2) | -0.9 (-2.9, 1.1) |
| 1 | ppb | -1.2 (-4.6, 2.3) | -3.4 (-6.6, -0.1) | 0.7 (-3.7, 5.3) | |
| 2 | 0.0 (-2.4, 2.5) | -4.8 (-11.5, 2.5) | 0.6 (-1.4, 2.6) | ||
| O3 | 0 | 18.4 | 0.1 (-3.8, 4.2) | -2.2 (-5.9, 1.7) | -0.6 (-3.1, 1.9) |
| 1 | ppb | 4.3 (-1.3, 10.2) | 2.2 (-1.7, 6.3) | 0.1 (-2.3, 2.5) | |
| 2 | 3.2 (0.3, 6.2)* | 3.7 (-0.5, 7.9) | -0.1 (-3.0, 2.9) | ||
| PM10 | 0 | 20.6 | 5.3 (-2.2, 13.4) | -0.6 (-3.3, 2.2) | 0.0 (-1.8, 1.8) |
| 1 | μg/m3 | 0.9 (-1.1, 3.0) | -1.7 (-7.6, 4.5) | -0.9 (-2.7, 0.9) | |
| 2 | 1.1 (-2.4, 4.8) | -5.3 (-11.4, 1.2) | -1.2 (-3.0, 0.6) | ||
| PM2.5 | 0 | 8.2 | 1.7 (-2.5, 6.1) | -1.8 (-6.1, 2.7) | 0.6 (-1.4, 2.7) |
| 1 | μg/m3 | 0.9 (-1.1, 3.0) | -0.9 (-3.6, 1.8) | 0.6 (-1.1, 2.4) | |
| 2 | 0.4 (-1.6, 2.4) | -0.2 (-5.0, 4.8) | -0.2 (-1.9, 1.5) | ||
| SO2 | 0 | 5.1 | -1.1 (-2.9, 0.7) | -1.9 (-4.3, 0.6) | -0.6 (-2.1, 0.9) |
| 1 | ppb | -1.8 (-4.2, 0.7) | -1.4 (-4.4, 1.8) | -0.2 (-1.7, 1.3) | |
| 2 | -1.1 (-2.8, 0.7) | -3.0 (-6.7, 0.9) | 0.6 (-1.3, 2.6) | ||
*Positive, statistically significant associations are shown in bold. †Negative, statistically significant associations are shown in italics.