Table 3.
The association between obesity status and sociodemographics and health status indicators in bivariate and multivariable logistic regression among students attending school-based clinics at eight inner city high schools from 2003 to 2004
| Obese (BMI > 95th percentile) | Non-obese (BMI ≥ 95th percentile) | Unadjusted odds ratio (OR) | 95% CI | p value | Adjusted OR | 95% CI | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Individual-level sociodemographics | ||||||||
| Age, mean (SD) | 16.76 (1.22) | 16.77 (1.19) | 0.99 | 0.89, 1.11 | 0.91 | |||
| Gender, female, n (%) | 493 (28.83) | 1,217 (71.17) | 1.43 | 1.17, 1.70 | 0.00* | 1.43 | 1.18, 1.72 | 0.00 |
| Race/ethnicity, n (%) | ||||||||
| Black | 593 (27.14) | 1,592 (72.86) | ref | ref | ref | |||
| White | 54 (28.72) | 134 (71.28) | 1.08 | 0.94, 1.25 | 0.28 | |||
| Hispanic | 9 (18.75) | 39 (81.25) | 0.62 | 0.35, 1.11 | 0.11 | |||
| Other | 10 (25.00) | 30 (75.00) | 0.89 | 0.51, 1.57 | 0.70 | |||
| Unknown | 32 (18.93) | 137 (81.07) | n/a | n/a | n/a | |||
| Grade, n (%) | ||||||||
| 9th | 200 (27.89) | 517 (72.11) | ref | ref | ref | |||
| 10th | 143 (25.35) | 421 (74.65) | 0.88 | 0.71, 1.09 | 0.23 | |||
| 11th | 130 (22.89) | 438 (77.11) | 0.77 | 0.51, 1.15 | 0.20 | |||
| 12th | 142 (29.34) | 342 (70.66) | 1.07 | 0.74, 1.56 | 0.71 | |||
| Unknown | 83 (27.95) | 214 (72.05) | n/a | n/a | n/a | |||
| Insurance status, n (%) | ||||||||
| Medicaid | 370 (26.85) | 1,008 (73.15) | ref | ref | ref | |||
| Self-pay | 174 (29.00) | 426 (71.00) | 1.11 | 0.93, 1.34 | 0.26 | |||
| Private | 123 (15.05) | 368 (74.95) | 0.91 | 0.80, 1.04 | 0.17 | |||
| Unknown | 31 (19.25) | 130 (80.75) | n/a | n/a | n/a | |||
| Neighborhood-level socioeconomic status | ||||||||
| Median household income, mean (SD) | 28,836.02 (10,544.51) | 27,972.34 (10,566.77) | 1.00 | 1.00, 1.00 | 0.09* | |||
| Percent below the federal poverty line, mean (SD) | 25.57 (14.90) | 26.77 (15.14) | 0.99 | 0.99, 1.00 | 0.07* | 0.99 | 0.99, 1.00 | 0.04** |
| Health status indicators | ||||||||
| Asthma, n (%) | 130 (18.62) | 259 (13.41) | 1.48 | 1.17, 1.86 | 0.00* | 1.49 | 1.18, 1.89 | 0.00** |
| High blood pressure, n (%) | 18 (2.58) | 7 (0.36) | 7.28 | 3.03, 17.50 | 0.00* | 7.38 | 3.03, 17.97 | 0.00** |
| Elevated cholesterol, n (%) | 5 (0.72) | 6 (0.31) | 2.32 | 1.30, 4.12 | 0.00* | |||
| Diabetes, n (%) | 7 (1.00) | 7 (0.36) | 2.79 | 0.73, 10.66 | 0.13 | |||
| Depression, n (%) | 81 (11.60) | 201 (10.40) | 1.13 | 0.82, 1.56 | 0.46 | |||
| Anxiety, n (%) | 9 (1.29) | 11 (0.57) | 2.28 | 1.05, 4.93 | 0.04* | |||
| Disordered eating, n (%) | 21 (3.01) | 26 (1.35) | 2.27 | 1.27, 4.06 | 0.01* | 2.05 | 1.07, 3.53 | 0.03** |
| Family problems, n (%) | 147 (21.06) | 408 (21.12) | 1.00 | 0.82, 1.21 | 0.97 | |||
| Sexually transmitted infection, n (%) | 119 (17.05) | 331 (17.13) | 0.99 | 0.81, 1.22 | 0.95 | |||
*p value < 0.10; **p value < 0.05