DNase I footprinting analysis of CcpA and HPr-Ser-P binding to the cre1 in the 117-bp fragment of the cry4A promoter. (A) Lane 1, G+A marker; lane 2, no-protein control; lane 3, 0.78 nM CcpA; lane 4, 0.6 nM HPr-Ser-P. Nucleotide positions (with +1 representing the transcription initiation nucleotide) are given on the left. (B) Protection of 117-bp wild-type DNA with CcpA-HPr-Ser-P complex. Lane 1, G+A marker; lanes 2 and 3, 0.78 nM CcpA plus 0.6 nM and 1.2 nM HPr-Ser-P, respectively; lane 4, no-protein control. The protected region is indicated on the right by a bracket in panels B and C. (C) DNase I protection of 117-bp wild-type and G49→A variant promoter DNA. Lane 1, no-protein control; lanes 2 and 3, 117-bp wild-type DNA with 0.78 nM CcpA plus 0.6 nM and 1.2 nM HPr-Ser-P, respectively; lanes 4 and 5, 117-bp G49→A DNA with 0.78 nM CcpA plus 0.6 nM and 1.2 nM HPr-Ser-P, respectively; lane 6, G+A marker.