Table 2.
Demographic and Clinical Correlates of OCD Participants with and without a Lifetime Substance Use Disorder (SUD)
| SUD present (N=87) | SUD absent (N=236) | Statistic | df | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, yrs, Mean (SD), | 37.3 (11.5) | 40.5 (13.4) | 0.963t | 182.10 | .337 |
| Range | 19-61 | 19-75 | |||
| Gender, Male, n (%) | 49 (56.3) | 98(41.5) | 5.612c | 1 | .018 |
| Race/Ethnicity, n (%) | |||||
| Caucasian | 86 (98.8) | 229 (97.0) | * | .679 | |
| Not Hispanic/Latino | 87 (100) | 227 (96.2) | * | .114 | |
| Marital Status, n (%) | |||||
| Never married | 34 (39.1) | 82 (34.7) | 1.801c | 2 | .406 |
| Currently married | 36 (41.4) | 117 (49.6) | |||
| Widow/separated/divorced | 17 (19.5) | 37 (15.7) | |||
| Education, college degree, n (%) | 38 (43.7) | 145 (61.4) | 18.167c | 1 | .004 |
| Unemployed, n (%) | 43 (49.4) | 93 (39.4) | 2.617c | 1 | .106 |
| Age at OCD onset1, Mean (SD) | 17.71 (9.2) | 18.79 (10.0) | 0.880t | 319 | .380 |
| Range | 5-55 | 4-62 | |||
| Age of minor OCD Symptoms1, | |||||
| Mean (SD) | 11.86 (7.1) | 12.23 (8.3) | 0.379t | 160.06 | .705 |
| Range | 3-35 | 4-60 | |||
| Latency to treatment for OCD, yrs | |||||
| Mean (SD) | 11.27 (10.28) | 11.75 (11.71) | 0.336t | 315 | .737 |
| OCD Course (retrospective), n (%) | |||||
| Episodic | 7 (8.0) | 19 (8.1) | * | .020 | |
| Waxing and Waning | 17 (19.5) | 54 (22.9) | |||
| Continuous | 56 (64.4) | 159 (67.4) | |||
| Deteriorating | 6 (6.9) | 2 (0.01) | |||
| Sudden onset of OCD symptoms | 14 (16.3) | 42 (17.8) | .101c | 1 | .751 |
| Current Symptom Severity, Mean (SD) | |||||
| Y-BOCS total score (0-40) | 22.75 (8.9) | 19.75 (8.1) | -2.87t | 321 | .004 |
| BABS total score (0-24) | 8.12 (5.3) | 5.82 (4.8) | -3.58t | 298 | <.001 |
| Q-LES-Q general score (14-70) | 54.11 (18.5) | 63.25 (16.8) | 3.77t | 266 | <.001 |
| GAF (0-100) | 48.20 (12.6) | 53.22 (11.5) | 3.39t | 321 | .001 |
| Comorbid Axis I disorder2 (other than OCD or SUD) | 79 (90.8) | 203 (87.3) | 0.757 | .384 | |
| Any mood disorder | 73 (83.9) | 167 (70.8) | 5.753 | .016 | |
| Major Depressive Disorder | 67 (77.0) | 149 (63.1) | 5.525 | .019 | |
| Any psychotic disorder | 3 (3.4) | 2 (0.8) | * | .123 | |
| Any anxiety disorder (not OCD) | 52 (59.8) | 130 (55.1) | 0.567 | .451 | |
| Any eating disorder | 4 (4.6) | 18 (7.6) | 0.919 | .338 | |
| Any somatoform disorder | 14 (16.1) | 14 (5.9) | 8.287 | .004 | |
| Body Dysmorphic Disorder | 12 (13.8) | 11 (4.7) | 8.022 | .005 | |
| Any impulse disorder | 16 (18.4) | 38 (16.1) | 0.239 | .625 | |
| Any tic disorder | 15 (17.2) | 34 (14.4) | 0.397 | .529 | |
| ADHD | 15 (18.3) | 19 (8.2) | 6.41 | .011 | |
| Comorbid Axis II disorder2 (PD) | 47 (54.0) | 82 (34.7) | 10.44 | .001 | |
| Avoidant PD | 17 (20.0) | 32 (13.9) | 1.79 | .181 | |
| Obsessive Compulsive PD | 32 (37.6) | 52 (22.5) | 7.29 | .007 | |
| Borderline PD | 15 (17.6) | 6 (2.6) | 22.69 | <.001 | |
For Statistic column: t=t-test; c=chi-square;
*
=Fischer's exact
1
Age of onset was missing for participants who could not reliably estimate the age of onset of OCD or did not recall minor symptoms prior to onset of clinical symptoms.
Abbreviations: YBOCS = Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale; BABS=Brown Assessment of Beliefs Scale; QLESQ=Quality of Life and Enjoyment Survey Questionnaire; GAF = Global Assessment of Functioning
2
Diagnoses based on the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-Patient version (SCID-P) and Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV -Axis II (SCID-II).