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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Jul 3.
Published in final edited form as: Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2009 May;9(5):597–612. doi: 10.1586/era.09.22

Figure 3. Potential clinical application of genetically engineered IL-12 hMSCs.

Figure 3

In our laboratory, we are using hMSCs harvested from bone marrow as well as from adipose tissue. The advantage to adipose-derived MSCs is the ease of harvesting patient-specific MSCs. During surgery for resection of the brain tumor, the surgeon also takes a small fat graft from the patient. These MSCs can then be cultured and transduced to express various proteins, such as IL-12. Ideally, in future therapies, the genetically modified MSCs would be injected intra-arterially through the carotid artery, and the MSCs would migrate to the site of glioma and induce an anti-tumor immune response.

hMSC: Human mesenchymal stem cell; MSC: Mesenchymal stem cell.