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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Jul 6.
Published in final edited form as: Cell. 2008 Jul 31;134(3):405–415. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2008.06.051

Figure 6. AICAR increases running endurance.

Figure 6

In A-F, C57Bl/6J mice were treated with vehicle (open bars/thin lines) or AICAR (500mg/kg/day, 4 weeks) (closed bar/thick lines). (A) Representative immunoblots showing levels of UCP3, phospho-acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC), phospho-AMPK and total-AMPK in quadriceps. (B) Average body weight. (C) Percent epididymal fat mass to body weight ratio. (D) Oxygen consumption rates (mg/kg/hr) measured over 12 hr period. (E) Data in (D) is represented as AUC. (F) Running endurance measured as a function of time (upper panel) and distance (lower panel). (G) Representative oxidative genes induced by AICAR treatment (250 mg/kg/day, 6 days). (H) Expression of oxidative biomarkers (Scd1, Fasn, Ppargc1a, Pdk4) in wild type and PPARδ null primary myoblast treated with vehicle (open bar) or AICAR (closed bar) for 72 hr. (I) Model depicting exercise/AMPK-PPARδ interaction in re-programming muscle genome. Data in (B) and (C) (n = 10), (D) and (E) (n = 4), (F) (n = 15-20), and (H) (n = 9) are presented as mean ± SEM, and * indicates statistical significance (p < 0.05, unpaired student’s t test).