Spatial Memory |
Morris Water Maze |
Rat |
Tfm ♂’s show an intermediate spatial memory performance between wt ♂’s and ♀’s, with wt ♂’s displaying superior performance. |
Jones and Watson, 2005 |
|
Mouse |
Tfm ♂’s show decreased spatial memory performance compared to Tfm carrier ♀’s, though there was no sex difference in wt mice. |
Rizk et al., 2005 |
|
Anxiety-related behavior |
|
|
|
Novel Object Exposure |
Mouse |
Tfm ♂’s show greater anxiety-related behavior than wt ♂’s even when treated with T. |
Present Study |
Elevated Plus Maze |
Mouse |
Tfm mice (Tfm ♂’s and carrier ♀’s) show increased indices of anxiety compared to wt mice (♂’s and ♀’s). |
Rizk et al., 2005 |
|
Play Fighting |
|
|
|
Juvenile play fighting |
Rat |
Tfm ♂’s show decreased play fighting compared to wt ♂’s. |
Meaney et al, 1983 |
|
Rat |
Tfm ♂’s fail to reduce the amount of playful attacks or playful defense (complete rotations) with aging, as do wt ♂’s. |
Field et al, 2006 |
|
Aggression |
|
|
|
Resident-intruder test |
Mouse |
Similar indices of aggression in Tfm and wt ♂’s; both more aggressive than ♀’s. |
Scordalakes and Rissman, 2004 |
|
Social/Sexual Behavior |
|
|
|
Feminine mating behavior |
Rat |
Tfm ♂’s are similar to wt ♂’s, displaying little or no lordosis response. |
Olsen, 1979 |
Masculine mating behavior |
Rat |
Tfm ♂’s show reduced masculine sexual behavior compared to wt ♂’s. |
Beach and Buehler, 1977; Olsen and Whalen, 1981; Olsen, 1992; Shapiro et al. 1976
|
|
Mouse |
Tfm ♂’s show reduced masculine sexual behavior compared to wt ♂’s, a difference that is eliminated in E2 treated mice. |
Ono et al, 1974; Bodo and Rissman, 2007
|
Partner Preference |
Rat |
Tfm ♂’s show a masculinized partner preference. |
Hamson et al, 2005 |
|
Mouse |
Tfm ♂’s show a demasculinized partner preference even when treated with E2. |
Bodo and Rissman, 2007 |
Olfactory preference test |
Mouse |
Tfm ♂’s show a demasculinized preference for female soiled bedding even when treated with E2. |
Bodo and Rissman, 2007 |