Figure 6.

Luciferase reporter assays of target promoter upregulation and MSX1 synergy. (A, B) Upregulation of Msx1 and Bmp4 target promoters. Msx1 promoter–reporter (p3.5 Msx1-luciferase) or Bmp4 promoter–reporter (p2.4 Bmp4-luciferase) constructs were co-transfected with mutant Pax9 expression vectors alone (1.5 µg), or in combination with wild-type Pax9 (0.8 µg each). (C) Synergistic upregulation of Bmp4 promoter with MSX1. The Bmp4 promoter–reporter construct was co-transfected with Pax9 expression vector alone (1 µg Pax9, 0.5 µg vector), or in concert with the Msx1 expression vector (1 µg Pax9, 0.5 µg Msx1). Error maxima for wild-type and G51S upregulation in (B) were 20.46 and 25.13 relative units, respectively.