Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of 313 individuals with PI*Z alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency by recruitment group
| Comparison of characteristics between groups | Group 1 | Group 2 | Group 3 | Group 4 | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (mean years ± SD) | 51.4 ± 9.4 | 51.4 ± 1.26 | 53.4 ± 12.0 | 53.9 ± 10.5 | 0.232 |
| Gender (male) | 56% | 54% | 50% | 54% | 0.956 |
| Ever smokers | 80% | 69% | 65% | 74% | 0.362 |
| Mean number of cigarettes smoked per day (in ever smokers) | 19.9 ± 10.1 | 17.4 ± 7.9 | 18.8 ± 10.5 | 19.8 ± 8.4 | 0.441 |
| Mean age of beginning smoking (mean years ± SD) | 17.1 ± 3.1 | 17.3 ± 2.8 | 16.9 ± 2.8 | 17.1 ± 3.8 | 0.976 |
| Childhood ETS exposure | 69% | 69% | 75% | 72% | 0.903 |
| History of prior lower respiratory tract infection | 54% | 38% | 31% | 41% | 0.206 |
| Family history of emphysema | 35% | 48% | 26% | 40% | 0.283 |
| Chronic cough | 59% | 56% | 50% | 50% | 0.609 |
| Chronic wheeze | 74% | 68% | 73% | 67% | 0.716 |
| Chronic dyspnea | 53% | 62% | 42% | 53% | 0.151 |
| Mean age of onset of cough | 32.6 ± 11.8 | 35.1 ± 14.9 | 41.0 ± 13.7 | 39.7 ± 14.6 | 0.039 |
| Mean age of onset of wheeze | 36.4 ± 12.8 | 39.0 ± 13.6 | 39.7 ± 20.1 | 40.6 ± 14.5 | 0.388 |
| Mean age of onset of dyspnea | 37.2 ± 10.4 | 39.2 ± 12.6 | 41.4 ± 15.1 | 42.2 ± 12.6 | 0.061 |
Abbreviations: ETS, environmental tobacco smoke; SD, standard deviation.
Note: Bold indicates statistical significance.