TABLE 1.

Baseline Characteristics of Participants

Variable	Prior Depression (N=145)		Comparison Subjects (N=206)		Analysisa
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	p
Age (60 years or older)	67.8	6.4	70.0	6.3	0.001
	N	%	N	%	p
Gender
Male	59	40.7	101	49.0	0.12
Female	86	59.3	105	51.0
Marital status
Married	81	55.9	139	67.5	0.03
Nonmarried	64	44.1	67	32.5
Ethnicity
Euro-American	143	98.6	199	96.6	0.24
Other	2	1.4	7	3.4
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	p
Education (10 to 18 years)	16.0	2.2	15.3	2.3	0.009
Beck Depression Inventory (0 to 22)	4.8	4.2	2.7	2.8	<0.0001
Anxiety subscale derived from Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (0 to 16)	0.8	1.2	0.4	0.8	0.0001
Chronic Disease Score (0 to 11)	2.3	2.2	1.9	2.2	0.10
36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) physical functioning (0 to 100)	79.5	18.5	84.1	18.3	0.02
SF-36 bodily pain (0 to 100)	72.4	18.8	78.3	19.0	0.005
SF-36 social functioning (0 to 100)	90.9	88.6	96.1	11.0	0.0001
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (0 to 16)	5.9	3.7	3.6	2.8	<0.0001
	N	%	N	%	p
Sleep disturbance
No (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (≤5)	79	54.5	170	82.5	<0.001
Yes (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (>5)	66	45.5	36	17.5
Sleep medication use in the past month
No	92	63.4	167	81.1	<0.001
Yes	53	36.6	39	18.9
	Mean	SD
Median time in months since last depressive episode (range: 1 to 674 months)	118	45−308b
Median duration in months of last depressive episode (range: 1 to 564 months)	9	4−18b
Number of prior major depressive episodes (0 to 5)	1.1	0.9
	N	%
Current use of antidepressants
No	98	67.6
Yes	47	32.4

^aComparison by chi-square or t tests.

^bInterquartile range.