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. 2009 May 16;87(8):775–783. doi: 10.1007/s00109-009-0481-0

Table 1.

Factors or microbes inducing formation of extracellular traps

Factor or Microbe Cellular origin of extracellular trap References
Interleukin 8 (IL-8) Neutrophils [3]
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) Neutrophils [3]
Phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) Neutrophils, mast cells [3, 21]
Hydrogen peroxide Neutrophils, mast cells [4, 21]
Platelet TLR-4 Neutrophils [6]
Interferon (IFN) γ + C5a Neutrophils, eosinophils [5, 32]
Interferon (IFN) γ + LPS Eosinophils [32]
Interferon (IFN) γ + eotaxin Eosinophils [32]
IL-5 + LPS/C5a/eotaxin Eosinophils [32]
Interferon (IFN) α + C5a Neutrophils [5]
GM-CSF + C5a Neutrophils [5]
Staphylococcus aureus Neutrophils, mast cells [4, 21]
Streptococcus pyogenes Neutrophils, mast cells [7, 21]
Streptococcus pyogenes
M1 protein–fibrinogen complex Neutrophils, mast cells [12, 13]
Pseudomonas aeruginosa Mast cells [21]
Mycobacterium tuberculosis Neutrophils [8]
Mycobacterium canettii Neutrophils [8]
Candida albicans (hyphae or yeast) Neutrophils [10]
Escherichia coli Neutrophils [9]
Leishmania amazonensis Neutrophils [11]
Leishmania amazonensis, surface lipophosphoglycan Neutrophils [11]
HHS Vulnerability Disclosure