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. 2009 May 16;87(8):775–783. doi: 10.1007/s00109-009-0481-0

Table 3.

Association of extracellular traps with diseases

Infectious disease Role of extracellular traps References
Staphylococcus aureus Capture and kill bacteria [3]
Streptococcus pyogenes Capture and kill bacteria [7]
Streptococcus pneumoniae Capture and prevent spreading of bacteria [37]
Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium Capture and kill bacteria [3]
Shigella flexneri Capture and kill bacteria [3]
Escherichia coli Capture and kill bacteria [9]
Candida albicans Capture and kill hyphae or yeast [10]
Mycobacterium tuberculosis Capture bacteria [8]
Mycobacterium canettii Capture bacteria [8]
Listeria monocytogenes Capture and kill bacteria [8]
Haemophilus influenzae Biofilm formation and persistence [36]
Photorhabdus luminescens Capture and kill bacteria [53]
Plasmodium falciparum Unclear [35]
Intestinal spirochetosis Unclear [32]
Leishmania amazonensis Capture and kill parasite [11]
Bacterial sepsis Upon platelet activation, potential endothelial injury [6]
Noninfectious disease
Appendicitis Unclear [3]
Human preeclampsia Entrap and control release of proinflammatory placenta-derived syncytiotrophoblast microparticles (STBM) [44]
Infertility of horses Entrapment of sperm cells [54]
Autoimmune reactions Unclear [3, 16]
HHS Vulnerability Disclosure