Table 4.

Pharmacologically important activities of cytokines

Activity	Cytokines
Anti-infectious	Th1: IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-15; Th2: IL-4, -13; others: IFN-α/β/λ, TNF-α, IL-1, -12, -18, GM-, M-, G-CSF; chemokines: MCP-1/CCL2, MIP-1α/CCL3, RANTES/CCL5, MCP-3/CCL7
Anti-tumour	Th1: IFN-γ, IL-2, -15; Th2: IL-4, -6, -13; Tr1: IL-10; others: IFN-α/β, TNF-α, IL-12, -18, -23, -24, GM-CSF
Inflammatory	Th1: IFN-γ; Th2: IL-6; others: TNF-α, IL-1, -12, -18, -19, -22; chemokines: MCP-1/CCL2, MIP-1α/CCL3, RANTES/CCL5, eotaxin/CCL11, MIG/CXCL9, IP-10/CXCL10, I-TAC/CXCL11, Fractalkine/CX3L21
Anti-inflammatory	Th2: IL-4, -6, -13; Tr1: IL-10; Th3: TGF-β; others: IL-11, -25, -32
Anti-allergic	Th1: IFN-γ; Tr1: IL-10
Anti-fibrotic	Th1: IFN-γ; Tr1: IL-10; others: IFN-α/β
Angiostatic	Th1: IFN-γ, Th2: IL-4, -13; others: IFN-α/β, IL-11, -12; chemokines: PF-4/CXCL4, MIG/CXCL9, IP-10/CXCL10, I-TAC/CXCL11, BCA-1/CXCL13, SLC/CCL21
Angiogenic	Th2: IL-6; Th17: IL-17; Th3: TGF-β; others: TNF-α, IL-1, G-CSF, GM-CSF; chemokines: Gro-α, -β, -γ/ CXCL1, 2, 3, ENA-78/CXCL5, GCP-2/CXCL6, NAP-2/CXCL7, IL-8/CXCL8, SDF-1/CXCL12, I-309/CCL1, MCP-1/CCL2, Fractalkine/CX3CL1
Hepatoprotective	Th1: IL-15; others: IFN-λ, IL-22
Wound healing	Th3: TGF-β; others: TNF-α, IL-1, GM-CSF, FGF, KGFS, ECGF; chemokines: Gro-α/CXCL-1, ENA-78/CXCL5, IL-8/CXCL-8, MCP-1/CCL2, MIP-1α/ CCL3

Major references: (Rossi and Zlotnik, 2000; Xing and Wang, 2000), and references in the text.