Table 2.

Mortality in propensity score matched geriatric heart failure patients

	No diuretic (N=651)	Diuretic (N=651)	Absolute difference* (per 10000 person-year of follow up)	Matched Hazard ratio (95% confidence interval)†
Cause specific mortality	Death rates per 10000 person-years of follow up (events / total years of follow up)				P value
All-cause	841 (173 / 2056)	1071 (208 / 1943)	+ 230	1.36 (1.08–1.71)	0.009
Cardiovascular	598 (123 / 2056)	818 (159 / 1943)	+ 220	1.50 (1.15–1.96)	0.003
Worsening heart failure‡	252 (52 / 2056)	335 (65 / 1943)	+ 81	1.51 (0.99–2.32)	0.057
Other cardiovascular§¶	311 (71 / 2056)	407 (94 / 1943)	+ 95	1.40 (0.97–2.04)	0.075
Non-cardiovascular	204 (42 / 2056)	201 (39 / 1943)	− 4	0.94 (0.57–1.54)	0.800
Unknown	39 (8 / 2056)	51 (10 / 1943)	+ 13	1.60 (0.52–4.89)	0.410

^*Absolute differences in rates of mortality per 10000 person-year of follow up were calculated by subtracting the death rates in the placebo group from the death rates in the digoxin group (before values were rounded)

^†Hazard ratios and confidence intervals (CI) were estimated from the matched Cox proportional-hazards models

^‡This category includes patients who died from worsening heart failure, even if the final event was an arrhythmia

^§Cardiac causes under this category include deaths presumed to result from arrhythmia without evidence of worsening heart failure and deaths due to atherosclerotic coronary disease, bradyarrhythmias, low-output states, and cardiac surgery

^¶Vascular causes under this category include deaths due to stroke, embolism, peripheral vascular disease, vascular surgery, and carotid endarterectomy