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. 2009 Jun 25;5:6. doi: 10.1186/1745-9974-5-6

Table 3.

Pairwise comparisons according to linear mixed-effects model of modified Borg scale, visual analogue scale (VAS) and cough (logarithmic scale).

Cough
Comparisons Mean Difference* 95% CI p-value

 Bradykinin × Exercise 2.79 (1.83; 3.76) < 0.01
 Bradykinin × Methacholine 2.22 (1.12; 3.32) < 0.01
 Exercise × Methacholine -0.58 (-1.69; 0.53) 0.31

Dyspnea – Borg

Comparisons Mean Difference* 95% CI p-value

 Bradykinin × Exercise 1.20 (-0.41; 2.81) 0.15
 Bradykinin × Methacholine 0.59 (-1.23; 2.43) 0.52
 Exercise × Methacholine -0.60 (-2.46; 1.25) 0.52

Dyspnea – VAS

Comparisons Mean Difference* 95% CI p-value

 Bradykinin × Exercise 1.76 (0.09; 3.42) 0.04
 Bradykinin × Methacholine 2.28 (0.39; 4.18) 0.02
 Exercise × Methacholine 0.53 (-1.39; 2.44) 0.59

CI: confidence interval. *The model was adjusted by intercept, age, gender, atopy status, body mass index, FEV1, baseline FEV1, bradykinin, methacholine and exercise, baseline symptom, inhaled corticosteroid dose and tests sequence.