Table 1.
Characteristics of COPD patients and control subjects
| Variable | Cases | Controls | ||
| Male (n = 244) |
Female (n = 34) |
Male (n = 272) |
Female (n = 68) |
|
| Mean age (years) | 66.51 (SD 6.82) |
66.10 (SD 6.13) |
65.15 (SD 5.41) |
66.12 (SD 5.76) |
| Mean BMI five years ago (kg/m2) | 22.09 (SD 2.94) |
20.67 (SD 3.89) |
23.61 (SD 2.85) |
23.30 (SD 3.25) |
| Education: High school or below | 195 (80.2%) | 26 (78.8%) | 166 (61.9%) | 47 (70.1%) |
| Life-long physical activity: Never to not any more involved | 185 (75.8%) | 29 (85.3%) | 182 (68.2%) | 56 (82.4%) |
| Alcohol drinkers | 150 (61.5%) | 8 (23.5%) | 202 (74.5%) | 21 (30.9%) |
| Cigarette smoking status | ||||
| Ex-smokers | 188 (77.4%) | 20 (60.6%) | 133 (49.1%) | 3 (4.4%) |
| Current smokers | 53 (21.8%) | 9 (27.3%) | 63 (23.2%) | 2 (2.9%) |
| Mean smoking (pack-years) | 65.03 (SD 24.91) |
43.25 (SD 31.67) |
30.90 (SD 28.81) |
2.04 (SD 9.68) |
| FEV1 | 1.64 (0.69) | 1.15 (0.47) | 2.56 (0.51) | 1.76 (0.35) |
| FVC | 3.08 (0.83) | 2.07 (0.52) | 3.31 (0.60) | 2.17 (0.41) |
| FEV1/FVC (%) | 52.70 (14.71) | 55.30 (14.47) | 78.06 (5.96) | 81.74 (5.66) |
| FEV1% predicted | 56.68 (22.32) | 56.52 (19.40) | 86.54 (14.04) | 93.85 (13.76) |