FIG. 5.

FAP-treated DCs induce proliferation of CD4⁺ T cells and a Th1 response. The DCs were incubated for 24 h in medium with phorbol myristate acetate (positive control), 100 ng/ml FAP, 200 ng/ml FAP, or 200 ng/ml LPS. The DCs were then washed and cocultured with allogeneic T cells for 3 days. (A) Percentage of T-cell proliferation as determined by CFSE flow cytometry. (B) Results for cells examined for cytokine release after 48 h. IL-4 and IFN-γ concentrations in culture supernatants were measured by ELISA. The data are expressed as pg/ml/10⁶ cells (means and standard deviations for triplicate cultures). *, P < 0.05, and **, P < 0.01, for a comparison with T cells primed with untreated DCs. Medium, chemically untreated control group.